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Tools Used in Experiments
For the experiments you'll need the RISC-V versions of a couple different tools: QEMU 5.1+, GDB
8.3+, GCC, and Binutils.
Installing on Windows
We strongly discourage students from using WSL for experiments because it slows down the tests
a lot, leading to unexpected timeouts on some labs. Students running Windows are encouraged
to install Linux on their local machine.
First make sure you have the Windows Subsystem for Linux installed. Then add Ubuntu 20.04
from the Microsoft Store. Afterwards you should be able to launch Ubuntu and interact with the
machine. To install all the software you need for this class, run:
From Windows, you can access all of your WSL files under the "\wsl$" directory. For instance, the
home directory for an Ubuntu 20.04 installation should be at "\wsl$\Ubuntu20.04\home".
Installing
on macOS
First, install developer tools:
Next, install Homebrew, a package manager for macOS:
Next, install the RISC-V compiler toolchain:
The brew formula may not link into /usr/local . You will need to update your shell's rc file (e.g.
~/.bashrc) to add the appropriate directory to $PATH.
Finally, install QEMU:
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install git build-essential gdb-multiarch qemu-system-misc gccriscv64-linux-gnu
binutils-riscv64-linux-gnu
$ xcode-select --install
$ /usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
$ brew tap riscv/riscv
$ brew install riscv-tools
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/opt/riscv-gnu-toolchain/bin
brew install qemuDebian or Ubuntu
Arch Linux
Running a Linux VM
If the other options listed don't work, you can also try running a virtual machine with one of the
other operating systems listed above. With platform virtualization, Linux can run alongside your
normal computing environment. Installing a Linux virtual machine is a two step process. First, you
download the virtualization platform.
VirtualBox (free for Mac, Linux, Windows) — Download page
VMware Player (free for Linux and Windows, registration required)
VMware Fusion (Downloadable from IS&T for free).
VirtualBox is a little slower and less flexible, but free!
Once the virtualization platform is installed, download a boot disk image for the Linux distribution
of your choice.
Ubuntu Desktop is one option.
This will download a file named something like ubuntu-20.04.3-desktop-amd64.iso . Start up your
virtualization platform and create a new (64-bit) virtual machine. Use the downloaded Ubuntu
image as a boot disk; the procedure differs among VMs but shouldn't be too difficult.
Testing your Installation
To test your installation, you should be able to compile and run xv6 (to quit qemu type Ctrl-a x):
If that doesn't work, you can double check individual components. Which include QEMU:
And at least one RISC-V version of GCC:
sudo apt-get install git build-essential gdb-multiarch qemu-system-misc gccriscv64-linux-gnu
binutils-riscv64-linux-gnu
sudo pacman -S riscv64-linux-gnu-binutils riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc riscv64-linuxgnu-gdb
qemu-arch-extra
# in the xv6 directory
$ make qemu
# ... lots of output ...
init: starting sh
$
$ qemu-system-riscv64 --version
QEMU emulator version 5.1.0$ riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc --version
riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc (Debian 10.3.0-8) 10.3.0
...
$ riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc --version
riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc (GCC) 10.1.0
...
$ riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc --version
riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 10.1.0
...